What is the first thing that comes to your mind when you think about the Arctic? Well, many of you will think about ice, polar bears, and seals. Also, did you know that ice reflects the sun and cools the earth? However, because of global warming, iceberg melt and sunlight cannot be reflected by the ice which causes the north to become hotter. Polar bears are having trouble hunting seals because the Arctic ice is so thin. Arctic ice is melting because of global warming! I think the world should reduce their energy consumption to help fight global warming which is endangering the Arctic ice, which in turn effects sea levels, salinity, and Arctic animals.

First, when the glaciers melt, sea level rises. Islands, such as Venice, Tuvalu and the Maldive are sinking. According to National Geographic(par 12) "Vulnerable to sea-level rise, Tuvalu, a small country in the South Pacific, has already begun formulating evacuation plans." According to 'The outline', if the ices in the Arctic melts, lots of countries will sink. Osaka which is in Japan, Hongkong which is in China, and Shanghai which is in china will sink and disappear if global warming continues on at the current rate. Some scientist(According to Forbes) say that the climate always changes naturally. However, the Earth temperature has gone up to almost 2 degrees Celsius. It is too fast that 2 degrees are going up for roughly 200 years since 1800 till 2018.

Eventually, there are 2 kinds of water temperature. It is warm water and cold water. The water that is warm goes up to the North. When it gets colder, the water becomes heavier and saltier, When the water gets heavier and saltier, it goes down the bottom of the ocean. Then, it goes to the warm side, which is near to the equator, and it changes to warm water again. This is called ocean current. according to The Big Thaw (par 20) "Warm, salty water flows from the tropical north Atlantic toward the Pole in surface currents lie the Gulf Stream. This saline water loses heat to the air as it is carried to the far reaches of the North Atlantic. The coldness and high salinity together make the water denser, and it sinks deep into the ocean. Surface water moves in to replace it. The deep, cold water flows into the South Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans, eventually mixing again with warm water and rising back to the surface." However, when the glaciers melt, the water becomes less salty and the density gets lower. So the cold water takes a long time to go down to the bottom of the ocean. It is hard to have ocean current when the cold water is not salty. so some parts will be hot and some parts will be cold. The marine animals and plants will be endangered because the food chain will change.

In addition, the Arctic animals are in danger. They are in danger because of the many things such as thin ice. The Pacific Walrus, and polar bears and more are endangered. Polar bears can't hunt seals because the ice is melting. The Pacific Walrus has a similar problem as polar bears. They need ice for ground, and for nurseries. According to UN(Unique nature) habitat (par 10) "Just like the polar bear, the Pacific walrus depends on pack ice for its survival. Due to changing environmental conditions, this ice has been thawing at alarming levels. These pack ices were used as nurseries for their calves and as a ground where they obtained their calms from." caribous are endangered because of oil and gas mining. This means that because of us the Arctic animals such as Caribous and Polar bears are in danger. According to UN Habitat, polar bears can't hunt seals because the ice is melting.

In conclusion, I strongly feel that the people in the world should reduce their energy use to help fight global warming which is endangering the Arctic Ice, which in turn affects sea levels, salinity, and Arctic animals. If we reduce energy, the Arctic animals will not be endangered. We can see the polar bears swimming in the ocean. Osaka which is in Japan, Hongkong which is in China, Shanghai which is in China will not sink if the glaciers melt. The ocean current will not change. So we need to reduce energy, such as pulling out the plug don't use cars when you are going near.